The Counterculture essays

The Counterculture essays The history of United States of America starts relatively late when compared to other countries of West European civilization. However it inherited the background and experience of the old world and succeeded in becoming the worlds superpower. Today, the United States dominates the world in politics, economics and culture. The policies of the U.S. government directly affect every part of the world. In order to understand the motives of this superpowers policies, it is essential to understand historical events that shape American way of looking. This paper tries to examine how one of the major social movements, the counterculture movement in the sixties, changed the American perspective towards world issues. After the World War II, the structure of the society changed deeply in the United States. The gap between the government, and the public increased. Racial injustice was very common and people were afraid of foreign ideologies such as Communism (Hayden, 1962). Suburban communities, where women stayed at home, men went to work in his suits, and totally obedient children were the ideal (Mofford, 1998). The American dream components of the fifties were a car and a house with a garage in the suburban area. According to Hayden (1962), the characteristics of the ideal men in the fifties were impersonal and unemotional. The other prominent value of fifties was the sense of security emerged from sameness and conformity. I believe dedication to conformity in American society created a fear towards everything different than the ordinary. This fear was the main reason of the racial discrimination, fear from communism and anger towards the counterculture. In the sixties the young generation that did not accept to obey the existing social rules and tried to change the social conditions, formed a counterculture. Counterculture opposed the social structure of American culture by using literature, music, poetry, and a...

LANG Surname Meaning and Family History

LANG Surname Meaning and Family History The last name Lang originated as a descriptive surname given to an unusually tall individual, from the Old English lang or long, meaning long or tall. LANGE is a common German variant, while LANG is more prevalent in Scotland and northern England. LONG is another common English variant. Lang may also have originated as a Hungarian surname, from  lng, meaning flame, perhaps a descriptive name for a passionate individual, or for someone who worked with fire, such as a blacksmith. The Lang surname is also found in China,  adopted by descendants of the founder of  Lang City in the state of Lu. Lange  is the 26th most common German surname, while  Lang is the 46th most common.  Long is the 86th most popular surname in the United States. Surname Origin: German, Scottish, English, Dutch, Swedish, Danish, Chinese Alternate Surname Spellings:  LANGE, LONG, LUNG, LAING, DE LANGE Famous People with the LANG  Surname Fritz Lang  - Austrian-born film directorDavid Lange -  former New Zealand prime ministerJessica Lange  - American actressJosephine Lang - German composerAlgot Lange - Swedish explorerJoseph Lange - Vienna actor and painter; Mozarts brother-in-law Where Is the LANG Surname Most Common? According to surname distribution from Forebears, the Lang surname is most common in Austria, where it ranks 24th in the nation, followed by Germany (35th), Switzerland (61st), Luxembourg (104th), Liechtenstein (132nd), China (193rd) and Vietnam (203rd). The Lange spelling of the surname, on the other hand, is most common in Germany (26th), followed by Greenland (47th) and Denmark (107th). Lang is more common in the United States than Lange. WorldNames PublicProfiler indicates a similar distribution, with the greatest percentage of individuals named Lang in Austria, followed by Germany, Hungary, Switzerland, and Luxembourg. Lange is most common in Germany, especially northern Germany, followed by Denmark. Genealogy Resources for the Surname LANG Meanings of Common German SurnamesUncover the meaning of your German last name with this free guide to the meanings and origins of common German surnames. Lang  Family Crest - Its Not What You ThinkContrary to what you may hear, there is no such thing as a Lang  family crest or coat of arms for the Lang surname.  Coats of arms are granted to individuals, not families, and may rightfully be used only by the uninterrupted male-line descendants of the person to whom the coat of arms was originally granted. LANG  Family Genealogy ForumThis free message board is focused on descendants of Lang  ancestors around the world. There is also a separate message board for discussion of the Lange surname. FamilySearch - LANG  GenealogyExplore over 5.8  million results from digitized  historical records and lineage-linked family trees related to the Lang surname and variations such as Lange on this free website hosted by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. LANG  Surname Mailing ListA free mailing list for researchers of the Lang  surname and its variations includes subscription details and searchable archives of past messages. They also host  a mailing list for the Lange surname. DistantCousin.com - LANG  Genealogy Family HistoryExplore free databases and genealogy links for the last name Lang. GeneaNet - Lang  RecordsGeneaNet includes archival records, family trees, and other resources for individuals with the Lang  surname, with a concentration on records and families from France and other European countries. The Lang  Genealogy and Family Tree PageBrowse genealogy records and links to genealogical and historical records for individuals with the Lang  surname from the website of Genealogy Today. References: Surname Meanings Origins Cottle, Basil.  Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967.Dorward, David.  Scottish Surnames. Collins Celtic (Pocket edition), 1998.Fucilla, Joseph.  Our Italian Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 2003.Hanks, Patrick and Flavia Hodges.  A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989.Hanks, Patrick.  Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003.Reaney, P.H.  A Dictionary of English Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1997.Smith, Elsdon C.  American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997. https://www.thoughtco.com/surname-meanings-and-origins-s2-1422408

Letter & Memo Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Letter & Memo - Essay Example Now don’t run away with the idea that this has to do with either hills or goats; you’d be surprised when I explain what it is- â€Å"Hillbilly Armor† seems to be a slang term that was often used by American troops during war time. This term is widely used by military personnel to describe the vehicle armor which was improvised when they were attacked and the vehicles got damaged. They used improvised material to make their vehicles stronger against the attacks. You can take our vehicle for an example! Such armor was also used during World War II. I am sure you too would have come across this phrase sometime and I would be happy to hear if you had any more information on this interesting phrase. The second interesting phrase which I am sure would come handy to you when we go on operation projects is a funny phrase called â€Å"Speaker Monkey†, the meaning of which I assure you has no connection to monkeys. I can see you smiling from ear to ear and its no wonder because it sounds quite funny. Have you heard of such a phrase? Though it does sound funny, being a speaker monkey is no laughing matter. Let me explain to you what a â€Å"Speaker Monkey† is – A â€Å"Speaker Monkey† is a person who is put in charge of using certain techniques that are vital during Psychological Operations (PSYOP, PSYOPS) These techniques are used not only by military personnel but also in the police force. Have you ever come across such a funny phrase? These people use these techniques while targeting a specific audience in order to influence their behavior and reasoning by playing on their emotions and feelings. Don’t you find these phrases interesting? Please try to collect some more information on this you come across and I would be glad to hear what you have to say. If you have any comments or queries, please do get back to me with them. Hi Everyone! The letter written and sent along with this memo was written to my friend Ram, a local national. Ram

Sonnet Poetry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Sonnet Poetry - Essay Example The poem has fourteen rhymed lines. Each of the lines consists of ten syllables. Per se, this is the basic form of the sonnet. It also has a variety of rhymes that count to seven pair’s altogether (Raymond & Alden). The poem is printed as an unbroken fourteen-liner rather than two sections of the eight lines and six lines. However, it is still possible to observe an octave and a sestet in the poem with a definite turn between them. The main introductory word between them is the word ‘but’. Sonnet 18 follows the structure of many English poems where it is divided lines of roughly ten syllables with five stresses (Raymond & Alden). The sonnet is also written in iambic form. It is observable that there are lines of poetry that repeatedly use an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable. Shakespeare utilized rhythm in his works. The rhythm often conditions the manner in which the reader reads the poem. Per se, it also shapes the meaning within which, a reader deduces from the poem. Sonnet 18 has three ways it can be red, an octave, a sestet and also a three quatrains. Three quatrains mean three units of four lines followed by a closing couplet of two rhymed lines (Raymond & Alden). Sonnet 18 makes an immediate comparison between the poet’s friend and the beauty of a summer’s day. The poet uses the simile technique of comparing items. There are other lines that make use of metaphor to bring out the meaning such s line five. In line five, the sun becomes the eye of heaven (Raymond & Alden). The metaphor is also extended to line six where the sun becomes a human face with a good complexion. He also talks about summer and says that it is not going to fade away. ‘But thy eternal summer shall not fade. Comparing summer with youth is a perfect method of depicting optimism. It should be noted that winter is considered as a bad weather in which the sky is bleak; the wind is cold while summers are its

Affirmative Action Essay Example for Free

Affirmative Action Essay In the past, minority rights such as racial equality were limited due to race and gender discrimination. Minority advocates such as Martin Luther King, Jr. strived for this basic necessity of equality. In Martin Luther King, Jr. ’s speech, â€Å"I Have A Dream,† he states â€Å"I have a dream that my future little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin, but by the content of their character. † His dream of racial equality has become a reality, but only to an extent. The statistics mentioned in any of the research or surveys do not signify the treatment any of the group receives within the society. There are various factors that affect social life of people and there can be other ways to promote ethnic diversity in the society. People receiving benefits of the affirmative actions develop different mind sets. They are perceived differently and some kinds of stereotypes are developed for them. These are some of the negative and identified consequences of the affirmative program. These programs have become more political issue than a solution of social problem. The use of Affirmative Action to promote racial and gender equality have negative consequences in our society. Affirmative Action was expected to be the solution to correct the unfair practices of the past that has continued in the mindsets of people. Affirmative Action is the practice of giving preference to racial minorities, people with disabilities or women in the education or profession. This practice was to bring minority groups and women into institutions and professions that had been dominated by Caucasian males. The use of Affirmative Action has impacted our educational institutions. Proponents of Affirmative Action insist that the use of this practice is advantageous for students. Supporters of Affirmative Action dismiss the negative effects of this initiative. Yet, Affirmative Action in higher education has created problems such as reverse discrimination and social stigmatism in our learning institutions. My family and I moved to the United States fifteen years ago hoping to have a better life. Most Asian parents moved here so their kids can have a better education and better future, my parents were no different. The experience as a minority student has not been bad for me. In fact I enjoyed it to a certain extent, where I had been treated specially. However, sooner I realized the other aspects of being minority. Why does every minority student like to have this treatment? I personally disliked this type of treatment due to various reasons. One of these reasons is that I do not want to be labeled as an Affirmative Action recipient. I think I am capable enough to make through the pharmacy school. I would require funding and would apply for the loans and scholarships. If I ever made it into pharmacy school, I definitely do not want my classmates and professors to think that I used the Affirmative Action policies to get into the program. However in the present scenario, it seems to be impossible. People will think I am one of the recipients even if I am not. In a couple months, I will be applying to pharmacy school and the Affirmative Action practice will present me with a dilemma. This practice will affect my admission process one way or another. It will offer me, a minority student, some form of preferential treatment in getting into it. But I am not sure how this is going to help me to deal with the day to day challenges of my educational life. Will this help me to change the mindsets of my classmates to be that I belong to a minority group? Will this change what they think about my background and how they stereotype me with that? I am proud of myself and my background. I do not want to carry the social stigma of being from minority class there. I want to get recognized by what I am, an individual and my character as Martin Luther King told in his speech. Affirmative Action was created to help all students learn to take different viewpoints into account and to learn to live with people of different races and cultures. However, in my view the purpose of Affirmative Action has been reversed. Instead of promoting minority groups in higher education, Affirmative Action serves as a reverse discrimination tool against male Caucasians. If society can not accept discrimination among minorities, then there is no excuse for discrimination against male Caucasians. Proponents suggest that Affirmative Action has contributed to the increase of diversity in our public higher education. For example, many children come from families whose native language is not English. Language barriers create a stigma for non-English speaking students. Supporters of acknowledge that Affirmative Action helps students overcome difficulties. However, does this practice make college easier to get in? Many colleges and universities base their admissions on the factors of grades and academics. Through the use of Affirmative Action, it is the individual’s background that mostly justifies entrance. Yet, how does a students’ background justify how well he or she is going to succeed? For example, many students apply to medical schools or pharmacy schools which are highly competitive. Factors such as academic affect how a student is going to be admitted. In cases where schools apply methods of Affirmative Action, minority students who are unlikely to be admitted, are accepted. Affirmative Action has also placed a social stigma on students who benefit from Affirmative Action. Many students who benefit from Affirmative Action may be labeled as unintelligent. This can create a form of stereotyping among minorities which Affirmative Action is trying to eliminate. An example of social stigmatism is shown at North Carolina Colleges. Many Black students state that â€Å"they were treated like Affirmative Action cases even if they were not. Professors, seeking to help, asked them if they needed tutoring or other assistance, already assuming the Black students’ lack of qualifications. † In some cases, people’s race does not necessarily determine their beliefs on the issue of Affirmative Action. I am one of them. The use of Affirmative Action has been built on historical precedents. Many proponent of Affirmative Action believe that society should repay back to minorities for what they did in the past. Yet, how much should society give back for the mistakes of the past? I do not believe that we should compensate for the things we did in history. We can not change what happened in the past. Through proper implementation of cultural and diversity awareness, we can stop the new forms of discrimination that is occurring today. People are less likely to discriminate against each other if they have a better understanding of the person. I am one of the prospective recipients of the Affirmative Action benefits. I had developed my viewpoints towards this particular aspect on the basis of my personal experiences and social responses I had received on this particular aspect. I did my own research in order to develop more understanding towards the issue. The objectives of any affirmative programs are as follows: 1. To provide equal opportunity in education and employment 2. To increase ethnic diversity in all levels of society 3. To redress perceived disadvantages of racial, ethnic, physically disabled or other minority classes and gender based discriminations. There are various types of affirmative actions taken across the world in order to encourage or promote the equal treatment to all the diverse classes. In most of the countries the affirmative action programs intend to benefit historically disadvantaged ethnic minorities, women, disable people, veterans, aboriginal people and others. All the affirmative programs have similar objectives. However the major outcomes even after decades of implementing such programs are as follows: 1. None of the program across the world has been able to achieve its objectives in the desired time frame. 2. All the programs had to be extended due to the failure of achieving the desired responses, oppose from the minority groups to terminate the program or raised political interest for the political benefits. 3. The beneficiaries of these programs are majorly from the upper section of the minority groups. Some of the respondents receive the benefits of affirmative programs more than one time in their life. Those people for whom these programs are developed and implemented are left behind and there is no change in their education, social and economic status. Affirmative Action is good in nature but there are still flaws that can be changed. Race should not be the deciding factor if a person gets admitted to a college or university. It has always been the person’s socioeconomic status that has been an obstacle to higher education. For example, when a student of high socioeconomic status is raised in a community where education and teacher quality is high, the probability of the student going to succeed is high. Yet, when a poor student is offered inferior education, it is not because of the student race, it is one’s socioeconomic status is an obstacle. Each student should have the same opportunity to have an equal education, no matter what race one is. Therefore, government agencies should stop focusing on race related issues. They should try to increase the quality of our public schools through proper funding. In doing so, it will allow anyone of any race/gender to succeed in school and life. There are some other ways that can be adopted to ensure social change in the society. A diverse society requires everyone to be treated equally and respectfully. These aspects can not be forced by adopting these measures for prolonged period. These benefits should be interlinked with other aspects of the social life of beneficiary. Those people who really do not have means and measures to afford good education and are eligible for the same should be encouraged and supported. If it is must to have affirmative program, than it should be given once in the lifetime and it should be linked with other aspects of the social life. There should be various opportunities in the social, educational and professional lives of people to interact more with diverse backgrounds of people. Churches, religious organizations, social organizations should be encouraged to promote diversification of the society. People should be given equal opportunity and any case of unfair treatment should be handled with strict legal framework. The consequences of mistreatment to anyone on any ground should be taken seriously. The focus of the policy makers should be to encourage the diverse environments and fair treatment at all the levels of the society without providing special benefits to any group but by promoting the respect and fear of consequences of unfair treatments. Sometimes I get these kinds of comments from the people advocating affirmative actions, ‘When you will face actual situation, you will understand by your own. † I might be very young to understand the dept of these actions, but I do believe that majority of people taking these benefits are not the actual people for whom these policies has been developed. In someway, we are repeating the mistakes of the history. Admissions or professional growth on merit basis provides a positive environment to study and grow, where one will not have the feeling that they have been granted something they do not deserve nor some have the feelings that they could not get the opportunity due to the reservations given to the minority class. Affirmative actions gives preference to one on the same ground they were not given opportunities in the past, their historic background. To a certain extent affirmative action can be justified for the physically challenged people as they have to deal with tough and complex living situations than the normal and healthy person. Being physically challenged does not make them less capable for certain tasks or abnormal but it increases the complexity of their lives. This is due to the fact that everything from the bus terminal or classes in an institution is designed with the view of a physically normal person. There are constant efforts done in order to make the life easier for physically challenged people. Nevertheless these aspects are not applicable to the people receiving benefits on the basis of their race or gender. Racial and gender equality is a basic necessity that millions of people have been fighting for the past decades. Through the use of Affirmative Action, how can we justify this practice if it contradicts what we have been looking for? Martin Luther King, Jr. ’s perception of society is a reality that is changing. If we continue to endorse the use of Affirmative Action, then we will be going back to our unenlightened ideology of race and gender superiority. To conclude I would like to quotes of actor Jon Stewart, â€Å"Heres the point youre looking at affirmative action, and youre looking at marijuana. You legalize marijuana, no need for quotas, because really, whos gonna wanna work? † Affirmative actions are injuring the scholars and capable people of the recipient groups by stereotyping them to be belonging to a class of less capable group receiving benefits. It will institutionalize the demerits of the discrimination on any ground. I do not want myself to be in the same stream. As an individual I want to be treated as I am as a person and on the grounds of my eligibility and capabilities in my social and professional group. My background should be the factor for anyone to decide what kind of treatment I should be given.

Review of a Website Essay -- Website Review, Reliable Sources

â€Å"If you want to understand today, you have to search yesterday,† quoted Pearl Buck. Most everyone has a time in their life where history becomes important to them. Whether that be tracing back family heritage, writing a research essay, or just out of curiosity. All and all, history is very influential to people’s lives and what better way to learn about history then to visit the website â€Å"Image Archive on the American Eugenics Movement.† This credible website offers an opportunity for the public to learn more about our American history in an interactive and creative way. The creators of the image archive arrange features, cross-referencing and images with the Adobe Flash plug in program in order to enhance learning. The site offers various virtual exhibits that can be explored. The American Eugenics Movement included key events, persons, and social conditions that formed the development. There are nine specific virtual exhibits that are presented: social origins, scientific origins, research methods, traits studied, research flaws, eugenics popularization, marriage laws, sterilization laws and immigration restriction. All of these options show evidence of the development and expansion of The American Eugenics Movement. The first thing most notable about this website was their sense of design. A black ebony background illuminated with old brush style text and decorative graphics, welcomes and invites the visitor to â€Å"Enter† their website. This particular idea is a very artistic way of getting people to interact with their website. It is studied that most people learn better by hands on interaction, instead of reading perhaps plain, boring text. The website is appealing and fairly easy to navigate within the various browsers.... ...hives date back to July 2009. Even twitter and facebook links are offered in order to share information. This was all possible by the Dolan DNA Learning Center producers. In conclusion, the American Eugenics movement website is most beneficial to the public and distributes information appropriately and accessibly. The movement was very influential towards our history today, and it is noted that the information should be easy and fun to learn through this creative and unique website. Every part of information on this site has a reliable source and author which is important when citing a source. Overall, most everyone has a time in their life where history becomes important to them, and with the help of the â€Å"American Eugenics Movement† website, people can continue to correlate history with their lives and learn more about how history changed our world forever.

The effects of violence video games

The research topic that we have chose is violence video game on teenagers. The reason of this research is conducted is because teenagers spend a great deal of time with violent video games at exactly the ages that they should be learning healthy ways to relate to other people and to resolve conflicts peacefully. Because video games are such good teachers, it is critical to help parents, educators, and policy- makers understand how to maximize their benefits while minimizing potential harms.This research is an academic research and this is to study the effect of teenagers n playing violent video games and to study the impact of violent video games on individuals differently. The question of whether teenagers' participation in violent video games can lead to an increase in violent thoughts, emotions and behaviors, this study will provide this answer are based on statistical comparisons between large groups of teenagers who do or dont play violent video games. RQI : What are the effects of violent video games on Teenagers? RQ2: How do violent video games affect teenagers?RQ3: Are violent video games a negative effect teenagers social skills and interactions ith others? RQ4: How teenagers' participation in violent video games can lead to an increase in violent thoughts, emotions and behaviors? This research will utilize both qualitative and quantitative research tools. The purposes of this research is to observe the behaviour and attitude of the teenagers before and after when they spent their time to play the violent video games through observational studies and sample survey. The target audiences that we are researching are teenagers who are age in between in 13 years old to 18 years old.The reason of the audience that we are targeted is because at the age of 13 to 18 years old, teenagers generally spend more time on the video games as compare to some other category group. The media text in this research are video game and specific in violent type of video game. There are two different groups of research sample. The first group are formed by 5 female and 5 male who are teenagers. These group will be tested in experimental room and we are providing them a few genre of video games, example of the games are Call of duty, Grand Thief Auto (GTA) and others.The teenagers will be observed while they are playing the violent video game. The finding will be base on their reaction and behaviour during they play, their temper and attitude as in before playing the game and after playing the game. The second group are 100 people and comprises of 50 male and 50 female, the sampling process will be based on randomly select for 50 people regardless male and female to ensure for the reliability and fairness of the method. The second group will be given them with the questionnaire and the location that we are selected is in the cyber cafe or digital mall.